A recent study by the National Institute of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj (NIRDPR) has found that the northeastern states of India have emerged as strong performers in grassroots democracy. The study, titled ‘Low Participation in Gram Sabha State-wise Reports 2026’, reveals that these states have recorded high levels of public awareness and citizen participation in Gram Sabha meetings. Despite battling geographical isolation, poor connectivity, and livelihood-related constraints, the village assemblies in these states have proven to be inclusive forums for local governance.
Assam and Arunachal Pradesh have emerged as standout performers in the region, with high awareness levels and active participation by women, Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and Self-Help Group (SHG) members. The study notes that the Northeast presents a striking contrast with several larger states, where social barriers, political interference, and low public trust continue to undermine Gram Sabha participation. The report suggests that the Northeast derives greater strength from social cohesion, active participation by tribal communities, and stronger engagement of women and community institutions.
Another distinguishing feature of the Northeast is the centrality of local development issues in Gram Sabha deliberations. The report also underscores the remarkable role played by women in the region’s grassroots governance. Digital adoption is another area where the region is making steady progress, with widespread use of WhatsApp and social media for disseminating Gram Sabha information.
However, respondents pointed to shortages of sound systems, digitised records, audio-visual equipment, and adequate meeting spaces, indicating that investment in governance infrastructure has not kept pace with growing citizen participation. The study concludes that the Northeast offers valuable lessons for the rest of the country, and addressing persistent challenges could transform the region into a national model for participatory local governance. The report’s findings assume greater significance when viewed against the experience of several larger states, such as Bihar and Chhattisgarh, where high awareness levels and active participation are often undermined by social barriers, political interference, and lack of transparency.
The contrast highlights an important trend, where northeastern states appear to derive greater strength from social cohesion and community engagement, rather than relying solely on physical and digital infrastructure. Overall, the study suggests that the Northeast has succeeded in creating highly participatory village institutions driven by community ownership, women’s involvement, and tribal representation, and offers valuable lessons for the rest of the country.
